自动化部署之（二）ubuntu无人值守安装系统

ubuntu无人值守安装系统，用于批量网络安装Ubuntu和debian

环境：Ubuntu-desktop(ip:192.168.56.11)

安装软件

apt install dnsmasq apache2 system-config-kickstart

配置dnsmasq

vim /etc/dnsmasq.conf

bogus-priv
filterwin2k 
interface=eth0
dhcp-range=192.168.5.150,192.168.5.250,12h  
dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0  
enable-tftp  
tftp-root=/var/ftpd  
dhcp-authoritative 

创建必要的目录

mkdir /var/ftpd
mkdir /var/www/ubuntu

挂载安装介质

mount /dev/cdroom /mnt
cp /mnt/* /var/www/ubuntu -arf

将网络启动文件复制到网络引导目录

cp /var/www/ubuntu/install/netboot/* /var/ftpd -arf/

修改apache2配置文件

vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

DocumentRoot /var/www
#这里只给出了关键配置

运行system-config-kickstart生成ks.cfg文件

编辑响应文件ks.cfg

vim /var/www/ks.cfg

#Generated by Kickstart Configurator
#platform=AMD64 or Intel EM64T

install
text
#System language
lang en_US
#Language modules to install
langsupport en_US
#System keyboard
keyboard us
#System mouse
mouse
#System timezone
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
#Root password
rootpw --disabled
#Initial user
user wsfnk --fullname "wsfnk" --iscrypted --password $1$Q4SPUaqc$KCsPmeMevJS0zzrqLTeVw0
#Reboot after installation
reboot
#Use text mode install
#text
#Install OS instead of upgrade
#install
#Use Web installation
url --url http://192.168.56.11/ubuntu
#System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr 
#Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr yes
#Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel 
#Disk partitioning information
part swap --size 512 
part /boot --fstype ext4 --size 200 
part / --fstype ext4 --size 1 --grow 
#System authorization infomation
auth  --useshadow  --enablemd5 
#Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled 
#Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
%packages
openssh-server
openssh-client
gcc
g++
vim
curl

编辑引导文件

vim /var/ftpd/pxelinux.cfg/default

path ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/
include ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/menu.cfg
default ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/vesamenu.c32
default install
label install
    kernel ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux
    append ks=http://192.168.56.11/ks.cfg initrd=ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz --
prompt 0
timeout 0

启动相关服务

systemctl start apache2
systemctl start dnsmasq

附、ubuntu的lvm分区设置

请参考改文章

#注意分区前的数字，512 512 600 分别代表：最少512M、权重、最多600M，
#若是要将剩余空间全部分配出去，请使用三个 -1 -1 -1
#d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select fsm：fsm随意命名，但必须和d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string fsm :: 这个fsm对应
#seed文件中不能有中文哪怕是注释，不然会报错

d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
d-i partman-auto/method string lvm

d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm_span boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true

d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string 100%
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select boot-root
d-i partman-auto-lvm/new_vg_name string system
d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string                         \
      boot-root ::                                            \
              512 512 512 ext4                                 \
                      $primary{ }                             \
                      $bootable{ }                            \
                      method{ format } format{ }              \
                      use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext4 }    \
                      mountpoint{ /boot }                     \
              .                                               \
              4096 4096 4096 linux-swap                       \
                      $lvmok{ }                               \
                      method{ swap } format{ }                \
              .
              10240 10240 10240 ext4                      \
                      $lvmok{ }                               \
                      method{ format } format{ }              \
                      use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext4 }    \
                      mountpoint{ / }                         \
              .                                               \
              -1 -1 -1 ext4                      \
                      $lvmok{ }                               \
                      method{ format } format{ }              \
                      use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ ext4 }    \
                      mountpoint{ /home }                         \
              .                                               \
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk
d-i partman/confirm boolean true

若安装出现如下错误

请在ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/txt.cfg里，append加入如下一行配置

live-installer/net-image=http://192.168.56.11/ubuntu/install/filesystem.squashfs clock-setup/ntp=false ip=dhcp ksdevice=bootif

解决图片所示的错误

vim /var/ftpd/ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/txt.cfg

default install
label install
    menu label ^Install
    kernel ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux
    append ks=http://192.168.56.11/ks.cfg vga=788 initrd=ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz live-installer/net-image=http://192.168.56.11/ubuntu/install/filesystem.squashfs clock-setup/ntp=false ip=dhcp ksdevice=bootif --- quit